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One Person company

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One Person Company (OPC) is a Private Limited Company having only one person as to its member and one or more than one person as to its Directors. The concept of One Person Company was incorporated under The Companies Act, 2013. Earlier under Companies Act 1956 there was no such concept. This concept was introduced to encourage corporatization in India. It gives corporate entity to small businesses and also encourages the MSME sector to opt for a corporate form of business.

Characteristics of One Person Company:
Nominee
Name
Member
Minor
Two OPCs
Director(s)
Section 8 Company
NBFI
Restriction
Conversion

As per Companies Act, 2013, One Person Company means a company which has only one person as a member. It is a private limited company with the additional benefit of reducing its minimum required membership to 1. It means it enjoys all the benefits of a regular private limited company as well as subject to restrictions applicable to such companies.

Steps to Incorporation of OPC:
Name Availability

Check whether proposed
name(s) do(es) not
match with existing
names of the
companies.

DSC

For incorporation of
Company and its
further compliances
Class 2 DSC
is necessary.

RUN

File web based
Form RUN for the
purpose of reservation
of name for the
company

SPICe+

File web based forms Form SPICe+, Forms SPICe+ MOA, Forms SPICe+ AOA, Form AGILE Pro, and Form INC-9 for completion of incorporation process.

Advantages of One Person Company:

Board Meetings:

A One Person Company needs to hold only 2 board meetings in a year with a minimum gap of 90 days between two meetings.

Annual Return:

An Annual Return of the OPC can be signed by only one Director. If the company has a Company Secretary then the signature of that Company Secretary alone is sufficient.

Financial Statement:

In the case of OPC, the signature of only one Director on the Financial Statement is adequate.

Cash Flow Statement:

An OPC need not include Cash Flow Statement in its Financial Statement.

Annual General Meeting:

A One Person Company needs not to hold the Annual General Meeting. This privilege is available only to this type of company.

Rotation of Auditor:

Provisions under Companies Act 2013 regarding the rotation of auditors does not apply to One Person Company.
Documents required for OPC Registration:
Director’s Address Proof
Business Address Proof
Photograph
Note
Identity Proof
PAN Card
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